Nikolay Basov

53
Nikolay Basov bigraphy, stories - Heroes

Nikolay Basov : biography

14 December 1922 – 1 July 2001

Nikolay Gennadiyevich Basov ( 14 December 1922 – 1 July 2001) was a Soviet physicist and educator. For his fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics that led to the development of laser and maser, Basov shared the 1964 Nobel Prize in Physics with Alexander Prokhorov and Charles Hard Townes.

Early life

Basov was born in the town Usman, now in Lipetsk Oblast in 1922. He finished school in 1941 in Voronezh, and was later called for the military service at Kuibyshev Military Medical Academy. In 1943 he left academy and served in the Red Army participating in the Second World War with the 1st Ukrainian Front.

Books

  • N. G. Basov, K. A. Brueckner (Editor-in-Chief), S. W. Haan, C. Yamanaka. Inertial Confinement Fusion, 1992, Research Trends in Physics Series published by the American Institute of Physics Press (presently , New York). ISBN 0-88318-925-9.
  • V. Stefan and N. G. Basov (Editors). Semiconductor Science and Technology, Volume 1. Semiconductor Lasers. (Stefan University Press Series on Frontiers in Science and Technology) (Paperback), 1999. ISBN 1-889545-11-2.
  • V. Stefan and N. G. Basov (Editors). Semiconductor Science and Technology, Volume 2: Quantum Dots and Quantum Wells. (Stefan University Press Series on Frontiers in Science and Technology) (Paperback), 1999. ISBN 1-889545-12-0.

Politics

He entered politics in 1951 and became a member of parliament (the Soviet of the Union of the Supreme Soviet) in 1974., Francis Leroy. CRC Press, 2003. ISBN 0-8247-0876-8, ISBN 978-0-8247-0876-4. p. 174-175 Following U.S. President Ronald Reagan’s speech on SDI in 1983, Basov signed a letter along with other Soviet scientists condemning the initiative, which was published in the New York Times., Mira Duric. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2003. ISBN 0-7546-3733-6, ISBN 978-0-7546-3733-2. p. 43-45 In 1985 he declared the Soviet Union was capable of matching SDI proposals made by the U.S.

Professional career

Basov graduated from Moscow Engineering Physics Institute (MEPhI) in 1950. He then held a professorship at MEPhI and also worked in the Lebedev Physical Institute (LPI), where defended a dissertation for the Candidate of Sciences degree (equivalent to PhD) in 1953 and a dissertation for the Doctor of Sciences degree in 1956. Basov was the Director of the LPI in 1973–1988. He was elected as a corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences (Russian Academy of Sciences since 1991) in 1962 and an Full Member of the Academy in 1966. In 1967 he was elected a Member of the Presidium of the Academy (1967—1990), and since 1990 he was the councillor of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences. He was an honorary member of the International Academy of Science. He was the head of the laboratory of quantum radiophysics at the LPI until his death in 2001.

Missile defense

Basov’s contributions to the development of the laser and maser, which won him the Nobel Prize in 1964, led to new missile defense initiatives seeking to employ them., David Scott Yost. Harvard University Press, 1988. ISBN 0-674-82610-8, ISBN 978-0-674-82610-6. p. 58

Awards and honours

  • Lenin Prize (1959)
  • Nobel Prize in Physics (1964, with the pioneering work done in the field of quantum electronics)
  • Hero of Socialist Labour — twice (1969, 1982)
  • Gold Medal of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences (1975)
  • A. Volta Gold Medal (1977)
  • Kalinga Prize (1986)
  • USSR State Prize (1989)
  • Lomonosov Grand Gold Medal, Moscow State University (1990)
  • Order of Lenin – five times
  • Order of Merit for the Fatherland, 2nd class
  • Order of the Patriotic War, 2nd class